Nazism Analysis Essay Example For Students

Nazism Analysis Essay The National Socialist German Workers Party nearly kicked the bucket one morning in1919. It numbered just two or three dozen complainers it had no organizationand no political thoughts. Be that as it may, numerous among the white collar class appreciated the Nazis strong oppositionto the Social Democrats. What's more, the Nazis subjects of energy andmilitarism drew profoundly passionate reactions from individuals who could notforget Germanys prewar magnificent greatness. In the national appointment of September 1930, the Nazis gathered nearly6.5 million votes and turned out to be second just to the Social Democrats as themost mainstream party in Germany. In Northeim, where in 1928 Nazicandidates had gotten 123 votes, they presently surveyed 1,742, a respectable28 percent of the aggregate. The across the country achievement drew much quicker injust three years, party participation would ascend from around 100,000 toalmost a million, and the quantity of neighborhood offices would increasetenfold. The new individuals included common laborers individuals, ranchers, andmiddle-class experts. They were both better taught and youngerthen the Old Fighters, who hosted been the foundation of the get-together during itsfirst decade. The Nazis currently introduced themselves as the gathering of theyoung, the solid, and the unadulterated, contrary to an establishmentpopulated by the older, the powerless, and the loose. Hitler was conceived in an unassuming communi ty in Austria in 1889. As a young man, heshowed little aspiration. In the wake of dropping out of secondary school, he moved toVienna to contemplate workmanship, however he was denied the opportunity to join Viennaacademy of expressive arts. When WWI broke out, Hitler joined Kaiser Wilhelmers armed force as aCorporal. He was not an individual critical. He was a creatureof a Germany made by WWI, and his conduct was formed by that war andits results. He had risen up out of Austria with numerous prejudices,including an amazing bias against Jews. Once more, he was an item ofhis times for some Austrians and Germans were preferential against theJews. In Hitlers case the partiality had become twisted it was a dominantforce in his private and political characters. Against Semitism was nota strategy for Adolf Hitlerit was religion. Furthermore, in the Germany of the1920s, shocked by rout, and the desolates of the Versailles settlement, itwas not difficult for a pioneer to persuade millions t hat one component of thenations society was answerable for the vast majority of the shades of malice piled upon it. The truth of the matter is that Hitlers against Semitism was self-exacted snag tohis political achievement. The Jews, as different Germans, were stunned bythe revelation that the war had not been battled to a stop, as theywere persuaded in November 1918, however that Germany had , in fact,been crushed and was to be treated as a vanquished nation. Had Hitlernot left on his approach of disestablishing the Jews as Germans, andlater of killing them in Europe, he could have relied on theirloyalty. There is no motivation to think whatever else. On the night of November 8, 1923, Wyuke Vavaruab State CinnussuiberGustav Rutter von Kahr was delivering a political discourse in Munichssprawling B?rgerbr?ukeller, somewhere in the range of 600 Nazis and conservative sympathizerssurrounded the lager corridor. Hitler burst into the structure and leapedonto a table, waving a gun and shooting a fired into theceiling. ?The National Revolution,? he cried, ?has begun!?At that point, educated that battlin g had broken out in another part ofthe city, Hitler hurried to that scene. His detainees were permitted toleave, and they discussed sorting out guards against the Nazi overthrow. Hitler was obviously irate. Furthermore, he was a long way from wrapped up. At about11 oclock on the morning of November 9the commemoration of the foundingof the German Republic in 19193,000 Hitler partisans again gatheredoutside the B?rgerbr?ukeller. Right up 'til the present time, nobody realizes who discharged the main shot. Yet, a shot rangout, and it was trailed by fusillades from the two sides. Hermann G?ringfell injured in the thigh and the two legs. Hitler straightened himselfagainst the asphalt; he was safe. General Ludenorff proceeded tomarch apathetically toward the police line, which separated to let him passthrough (he was later captured, attempted and cleared). Behind him, 16Nazis and three cops lay spread dead among the many injured. The following year, R?hm and his band united with the fledglingNational Socialist Party in Adolf Hitlers Munich Beer Hall Putsch. Himmler participated in that uprising, however he assumed such a minor job thathe got away from capture. The R?hm-Hitler union endure the Putsch, and?hms 1,500-man band developed into the Sturmabteilung, the SA, Hitlersbrown-shirted private armed force, that tormented the Communists and Democrats. Hitler enrolled a bunch of men to go about as his protectors and protecthim from Communist endures, different opponents, and even the S.A. in the event that it got outof hand. This small gathering was the early stage SS. Sun oriented Power II EssayThe ?trial individuals? were additionally utilized by Nazi specialists who neededpractice performing different tasks. One specialist at Auschwitzperfected his removal procedure on live detainees. After he hadfinished, his debilitated patients were sent off to the gas chamber. A couple of Jews who had contemplated medication were permitted to live if theyassisted the SS specialists. ?I cut the substance of sound youthful girls,?recalled a Jewish doctor who made due at horrendous expense. ?I immersedthe collections of smaller people and challenged people in calcium chloride (to preservethem), or had them bubbled so the deliberately arranged skeletons mightsafely arrive at the Third Reichs galleries to legitimize, for futuregenerations, the pulverization of a whole race. I would never erasethese recollections from my psyche.? Be that as it may, the best murdering machine were the ?shower showers? of death. Aftertheir landing in a concentration camp, the Jews who had been decided to kick the bucket atonce were informed that they were to have a shower. Smudged by their long,miserable excursion, they at times hailed the declaration. CountlessJews and different casualties went calmly to the shower roomswhich weregas chambers in mask. In the vestibules to the gas chambers, huge numbers of the destined individuals foundnothing awry. At Auschwitz, signs in a few dialects stated, ?Bath andDisinfectant,? what's more, inside the chambers different signs rebuked, ?Dontforget your cleanser and towel.? Clueless casualties coordinated energetically. ?They escaped their garments so routinely,? Said a Sobibor survivor. ?What could be more naturalIn time, gossipy tidbits about the concentration camps spread, and undergroundnewspapers in the Warsaw ghetto even ran reports that recounted the gaschambers and the crematoriums. Be that as it may, numerous individuals didn't accept thestoried, and the individuals who did were powerless regardless. Confronting the gunsof the SS watches, they could just expectation and go to endure. As oneJewish pioneer put it, ?We should be tolerant and a marvel will occur.?There were no supernatural occurrences. The people in question, bare and puzzled, were shovedinto a line. Their watchmen reques ted them forward, and whipped those whohung back. The ways to the gas chambers were bolted behind them. Itwas all over rapidly. The war returned home to Germany. Hardly had Hitler recuperated from theshock of the July 20 shelling when he was confronted with the loss of Franceand Belgium and of incredible triumphs in the East. Foe troops inoverwhelming numbers were combining on the Reich. By the center of August 1944, the Russian summer offensives, beginningJune 10 and unrolling in a steady progression, had carried the Red Army to theborder of East Prussia, restrained fifty German divisions in the Balticregion, infiltrated to Vyborg in Finland, devastated Army Group Center andbrought a development on this front of 400 miles in about a month and a half tothe Vistula inverse Warsaw, while in the south another assault which beganon August 20 brought about the victory of Rumania before the finish of the monthand with it the Ploesti oil handle, the main significant wellspring of normal oilfor the German armed forces. On August 26 Bulgaria officially pulled back from thewar and the Germans started to quickly get out of that nation. InSeptember Finland surrendered and turned on the German soldiers which refusedto empty its domain. In the West, France was freed rapidly. In General Patton, thecommander of the recently framed U.S. Third Army, the Americans had found atank general with the scramble and energy of Rommel in Africa. After thecapture of Avranches on July 30, he had left Brittany to wilt on thevine and started an incredible range around the German militaries in Normandy,moving southeast to Orleans on the Loire and afterward due east toward theSeine south of Paris. By August 23 the Seine was arrived at southeast andnorthwest of the capital, and after two days the incredible city, the gloryof France, was freed following four years of German occupation whenGeneral Jacques Leclercs French second Armored Division and the U.S. 4thInfantry Division broke into it and found that French obstruction unitswere to a great extent in charge.

The Entering of a Non-traditional Sport :: Genders Athletics Essays

The Entering of a Non-conventional Sport There are both numerous social and social expenses and advantages of an individual (male or female) entering a non-conventional game for their sexual orientation/sex. In the first place, there are an assortment of advantages. At the point when ladies and men enter non-conventional games, they are demonstrating society that sports don’t must be restricted to one sex or the other. Ladies and men are setting a model for everybody around them that you individuals ought to do whatever you they need to do no make a difference what. The entering of a non-conventional game might be simpler for a person when there is sure criticism from the individuals around him/her. For instance, I don’t feel that Bev (in the film Pumping Iron II) would have had the option to keep on weighting lift on the off chance that she didn’t have such positive and empowering mentors and family. Another advantage of entering a non-conventional game may basically include the utilization of ability. Albeit a game, may not be conventional for a specific sex, athletic capacity might be improved by taking part in these different games. For instance, numerous football players take artful dance exercises to chip away at their parity, elegance, and steadiness. This sort of circumstance shows that expressive dance can be utilized for simply performing artful dance or it could imply that artful dance is helpful for different kinds of execution. Another approach to take a gander at entering a non-customary game as advantageous is by taking a gander at upward social versatility. Cooperation in a specific game can permit an individual to better their odds of escaping a circumstance or condition. A conspicuous case of upward social versatility is in the film Girlfight. Diana gets an opportunity to escape her home and network through her cooperation in boxing. Since Diana is a ladies in a non-customary game, her odds of getting out are expanded, not normal for the numerous male fighters around her. Since other ladies fighters are uncommon, the interest for different contenders is high. Being a person in a non-customary game shows uniqueness, and if that individual is acceptable at what they do, this can acquire more consideration and perhaps help in accomplishing different things, for example, athletic grants. Likewise, with respect to females entering non-conventional games, there is simply the advantage of demonstrating and others that ladies are similarly as competent, if not far and away superior, as men in playing out specific undertakings. This would not be such a serious deal if verifiably sports weren’t built up with men and just men’s interest and aptitude underscored.

Dbq 12 Free Essays

I. Political circumstance a. Global 1. We will compose a custom paper test on Dbq 12 or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now West †French talking - gt; Geneva 2. East †German talking - gt; Zurich b. Decentralized Government 1. Semi-self-ruling cantons (region or state) 2. Actually part of the HRE, yet works as an autonomous state c. Topography and language - gt; eastern Switzerland first influenced by protestant reconstruction 1. Zurich - gt; Urich Zwingli a. Progressively extreme takeoff from RCC principle + custom b. Marburg Colloquy (1529) †Martin luther and Urich Zwingli (eucharist) Martin luther = ConsubstantiationUlrich Zwingli = body and blood of Jesus emblematic, Literal translation of the good book d. Geneva - gt; focus of the swiss reconstruction from 1530 1. French-talking some portion of switz 2. Driven by John CALVIN II. Genevan transformation a. John Calvin composed the Institutes of the Christian religion. 1. Calvinist definition of prot philosophy b. Fate †God has just picked the individuals who will be spared †â€Å"the elect† †and the individuals who will be accursed 1. Neither acts of kindness nor confidence lea to salvation 2.Salvations is an issue of God’s will (mysterious) and it is up to god whether God decides to give effortlessness on somebody c. NO FREE WILL, just adjustment to God’s will d. Weight of society drove Calvinists to go about just as they had elegance and were the â€Å"elect† 1. Outward conduct = appearance of one’s interminable status 2. Legitimate code dependent on Calvinist profound quality/convention e. Moral change of society (each spirit in turn) 1. Calv - gt; political protection from concentrated government f. difficult work, discipline - gt; aggregation of riches } indications of elegance 1.Max Weber ( nineteenth c German humanist) †â€Å"protestant work ethic† †Link between Calvinist conduct and ascent of private enterprise and white collar class-gt; bourgeoisie g. Structure of the Genevan church. 1. Collaboration between people (ordinary individuals from confidence) and ministry (strict) 2. Consistory †the incomparable overseeing assortment of Geneva †Responsible for establishment and implementation of Calvinist laws, essentially the support of profound quality in Geneva h. Geneva was a â€Å"free city† - gt; (1) a safe house for aggrieved Protestants 2) laws against spouse beating III. Calvinism in Europe a. More extensive intrigue than Lutheranism b. French-speaking Switzerland c. France - gt; Huguenots-gt; minority yet persuasive and incredible d. Bohemia (current Czech republic) †in HRE BUT (1) Calvinism is illicit (2)Catholic Hapsburg overlord e. Palatinate †HRE †political decision state f. Scotland †Presbyterians †John Knox g. Britain †Puritans II. Lutheranism in Europe a. Northern HRE b. Denmark c. Norway d. Sweden - gt; Major force in seventeenth century Step by step instructions to refer to Dbq 12, Papers

The Best Writing Pens

Best Writing Pens Best Writing Pens Writers don’t necessarily â€Å"write† anymore. Long gone are the days when authors would dip their quill pens into an ink fountain by candle light. Even by contemporary measures, it seems that pens and penmanship are becoming a thing of antiquity (my handwriting has gone downhill as I spend most of my time typing, not scribbling). Still, I admit, from time to time, I like to jot down ideas in a notebook if I’m taking time away from cranking out prose. But there is an art to creating attractive prose by hand—when was the last time you received a handwritten letter? Nevertheless, it’s gotten me to thinking: what are the best writing pens nowadays? In this article, we’ll take an irreverent look at the best writing pens out there, plus some of my go-to writing implements when I’ve gotta get it down on paper. Let’s begin! The Best Writing Pens Websites If you’re really interested in the best writing pens, trust the die-hard enthusiasts at The Pen Addict. I confess that I’m not a regular pen user, The Pen Addict specializes in the finer points (pun intended) of writing by hand. They cover high-end pens  and low-end writing implements, with a connoisseurs’ attention to detail that is astonishing. Plus, The Pen Addict comes with an irreverent panache that is not only informative but down-right charming. If you’re looking for another website that’s clearly done its homework on the best writing pens on the market, take a look at The Wire Cutter’s review of the best writing pens on the market. They review each pen along a stringent set of criteria that begs the question: â€Å"How much free time do they really have?† Hack Your Pen C’mon, it’s 2016. Finding the best writing pens may not be what you have in mind—you may just have to hack your way into the best writing implement. Consider this guide on Instructibles.com  that lays out a simple procedure. As it instructs, you just need to find the best ink refill from a Mont Blanc pen ($200), which costs you $15. You then cut out the proprietary length of the Mont Blanc refill (about 1/8’’) and insert it into a rollerball pen. Now, you can enjoy a professional-grade ink with a semi-professional exterior. Plus, the guide is good for a laugh or two! Consider the Sharpie Whether you’re trying to hitchhike, tag your neighbor’s house with graffiti, or jot down an angry note destined for your neighbor’s windshield, a Sharpie is an infallible solution to whatever desperate situation you’ve gotten yourself into. People that typically enjoy the best writing pens might scoff and throw their scarfs over their shoulders in dismissal (a sharpie is a â€Å"marker,† after all). Forget them. I’ve used Sharpies to jot down my most deliberate ideas in my most addled states. However, I’ve found numerous notes in my journals written by the only reliable friend I’ve had within arm’s reach: a sharpie. There’s just something about how it bleeds through paper that ensures that you keep your ideas (and ruin your books). As a bonus, there is an unspoken rule among army types and degenerates that if you go to sleep with your boots on (read: drunk), you allow yourself an open invitation to having your face drawn on with a sharpie. While this may seem like a cruel prank to play on someone. But remember that the sheer embarrassment they face (another pun!) will prevent a very real inconvenience: boot-rot. Sharpies come in a variety of colors and sizes. The most common is a black fine-tipped implement. If you’re looking to round out your Sharpie knowledge, consider visiting their website. And if you’re really looking to go deep and wow your friends at the next cocktail party of your choosing, there’s an entire Sharpie biography extending back to the 1800’s. [] Quills I’m sure we all agree that the best writing pens out there range from the low-dollar to the prohibitively expensive. However, have you stopped to consider how far modern man has come to creating the best way to transfer his or her thoughts down to paper? The answer may come from the feathers of a goose! If you’re looking for a visceral way of exploring the history, why not try creating a quill pen of your own? Just like hacking an expensive pen in our above example, you can get regressive at this website. You can learn all that goes into turning a discarded feather—which is quite a bit more than I had imagined—into a reusable writing implement. If you favor a step-by-step guide from our friends at Instructibles.com, there’s also this handy guide, which also shows you how to make your own ink! If all of this DIY business is getting your frazzled and you just want to order one online (ahh, sweet convenience), consider visiting Dennis Ruud’s website. Or, our good friends at Amazon also have some kits available to help you out. * * * We could go on and on about the best writing pens out there—there’s almost an unlimited number of companies that put ink in a cartridge these days. However, we should stop and consider a few things about pens I’ve felt that the demands on writers since the reliance on the digital format may account for the high instances of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome  and other ailments. Writing may have proven to be a deciding factor in our species evolution, but I don’t believe our bodies have caught up to repetitious type that informs all of our lives. Now, you may be wondering about the nature of this article. After all, this is a freelancing website, not a humor website. In fact, this article may seem like a way of gaming SEO. And you’d be correct: this is proof-positive that our techniques at Freelancewithus.com actually work! Nevertheless, consider this final thought: when was the last time that you had hand-written a letter to your friends or family? You may keep your emails in your inbox, but I know that the best letters I received go in a drawer for safe keeping. Happy writing!

Henry David Thoreau The Grat Transcendentalist Essay

Henry David Thoreau along with a select group of people propelled the short movement of transcendentalism during the 1830s to the 1850s and was later brought up during the Vietnam War. Many of the transcendentalist ideas came from student who attended Harvard University during this time period. Henry David Thoreau’s individualistic anarchist views on society were developed throughout his early life and later refined in his years of solitude; these views on society and government are directly expressed in much of his work. Much of Henry David Thoreau’s work was affected by his early life and education. Henry David Thoreau was born into a normal middle class family in Concord Massachusetts on July 12, 1817. Thoreau’s family were†¦show more content†¦These classical writers served as great inspiration for the young writer. Like many other transcendentalists â€Å"Thoreau was an avid reader of Hindu scriptures and he quotes them often in Walden†, â€Å"The Hindu and transcendentalist belief in the imminence of god leads to the doctrine that every person can, without the need for an intermediary, experience the divine within himself or herself† (Norvell 1). Thoreau captured a lot of these moral values and brought them with him throughout his life. This is a perfect comparison to Thoreau’s individualistic ideas and appeal to institution. Years after graduating Harvard, Thoreau submitted many essays to the transcendentalist magazine, the dial. These essays grea tly reflected his college education in literature. Emerson’s speech at Thoreau’s graduation also was reflected in much of his essays. Thoreau was greatly impacted by this speech, from then on Emerson was a life mentor for the young writer. During Thoreau’s life he was influenced greatly by many transcendentalists who were educated at Harvard University such as Edward Everett, William Channing, and Andre Horton. â€Å"The writings of Thoreau shaped the passive resistance methods of the civil rights movement†, says Martin Bickman of the university of Colorado. This passive resistance method was a way to

The Never Ending Story - 1840 Words

The Never-Ending Story One Topic that left me confused, is the conversation about the many issues within the prison system. Particularly whether or not the prison system works and if we as a country are doing more harm than good. Subsequently we have an incarceration epidemic that would not only circumduct its prisoners, but also conceive new prisoners as a result of this cycle of incarceration. These effects are aided by laws like Mandatory Minimum Sentencing. Proponents of Mandatory Minimum Sentencing, believe the laws are an effective deterrent against certain serious offenses such as drug and weapon crimes and sexual assault(www.cga.ct.org). A view that was stated by the General Assembly of Connecticut. Whom of which, were debating the law. This is just one of many examples of what is wrong with the justice system, in effect, would point to a direct impact on prison population and individuals being incarcerated. Senator Rand Paul, a Republican from Kentucky, has introduced the â€Å"Justice Safet y Valve act of 2013. Intended to allow judges to stray away from mandatory minimum sentencing, which would as a product, subtract from the amount of individuals incarcerated. Nevertheless, it is the â€Å"how right or wrong â€Å"something is, that confuses me. With all that in mind, I believe a cycle is formed by laws like Mandatory Minimum Sentencing, as well as others making new and repeat guests to incarceration. It is especially important to realizeShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Ending A Never Ending Story1685 Words   |  7 PagesCampaign name: Ending a never-ending story. (Queensland) Executive Summary Situation Analysis and research Homelessness becomes a noteworthy matter in Australia in our time. Target publics People who suffering from homelessness and domestic/ family violence. Objectives (S.M.A.R.T): providing volunteer activities (April,2017), creating website ( early 2017) selling clothe at charity event ( every 3 weeks in 2017), recording documentary movie ( early 2017 ) Strategy: using both emotion and characterRead More The Never-ending Story: Sexual Orientation and Genetics Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Never-ending Story: Sexual Orientation and Genetics It is my observation that the average person gains insight into the nature vs. nurture debate when some particular human trait that is politically or socially volatile at the time is announced as having a specific genetic origin. This observation was confirmed when, in surfing the web, I came across an article entitled, Female Inner Ear Comes Out of the Closet (1). While reporting on a study published by a UT psychology professor whoRead MoreAmbiguity In Dubious Battle1544 Words   |  7 Pagesregarding the ambiguous nature of the characters themselves. For example, it is never clear who the protagonist is due to the vague nature of both Mac and Jim. Throughout the novel, both characters show signs as the â€Å"main character,† but this was never explicit. Furthermore, the uncertainty of the ending prompts this idea once again and furthers the overall meaning of the story. It provokes the idea that the novel was never truly about the dire situation of the crop workers, but ra ther a greater purposeRead MorePeople Often Say That Short Stories Are Incomplete, Completely1020 Words   |  5 PagesPeople often say that short stories are incomplete, completely vague and leave the reader wondering. So if the author gives the reader an incomplete ending, will the reader ever know what truly happened to the characters? Most likely the answer is no. The reader never finds out what the author`s intended ending will be. Writers like to leave the reader wondering. It s a part of what makes the story more interesting and fun. The authors themselves leave the reader to imagine what might happen nextRead MoreSuspense Short Stories1660 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many different stories that use suspense as an ending such as â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game,† by Richard Connell; â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† by Edgar Allan Poe; and â€Å"The Adventure of the Speckled Band,† by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, all of which are in the collection of short sto ries titled Characters in Conflict. All of these stories have a great use of suspense, especially in the ending, which is essential to a great story. Yet, many authors choose to have suspenseful endings instead of incorporatingRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Jerusalem s Lot And Children Of The Corn1546 Words   |  7 Pagespresent in his horrific stories. His chaotic childhood with economic struggles and estranged family transferred into his stories as well. (Discussion) The overbearing chaos and horror within his stories â€Å"Jerusalem’s Lot†and â€Å"Children of the Corn† originates from King’s personal experiences as described in On Writing. (Thesis) The unresolved conflicts of his stories resemble the problems in his childhood that were never fixed. He doesn’t skimp on pain and chaos in his stories as life didn’t hide painRead MoreThe Circuit Book Report1503 Words   |  7 PagesTrampita, Ruben, and Rorra. The basic situation is: the family has always wanted to move to California thinking that they will get a better life, but instead end up getting worse, and being taken by La migra. That is â€Å"The Circuit† exposition. The stories central problem is how they move a lot being illegal immigrants. They face many conflicts like when the baby gets ill and they do not have money for anything. Another conflict the family faces is the moving around. That is the conflict because heRead MoreEssay on Comparing the Two Versions of To Build a Fire1096 Words   |  5 PagesMagazine. Gilder, having just published To Build a Fire in his magazine, was worried when he came across another version published 6 years earlier. Londons explanation was that the first story was for boys and the new one was for men; the only similarity being the motif itself. Through careful analysis of the two stories, in light of this letter to Gilder, and another letter to Cloudesly Johns, it is apparent that although London claims no similarities (besides the motif), they definitely exist. nbsp;Read MoreThe Importance Of Life In Madeline Whittiers Everything, Everything915 Words   |  4 PagesIn Nicola Yoon’s new young adult story, Everything, Everything, Madeline Whittier is a young 18 year old woman who has never stepped foot outside of her home. Due to a rare sickness called SCID, or severe combined immunodeficiency, she is not allowed to breathe the outside air or interact with anyone that has not been properly sanitized. Having the same repetitive routine everyday has left her wondering what it would be like to live a normal life. This all changes when a new family moves in acrossRead MoreThe Bloody Chamber, By Angela Carter1386 Words   |  6 PagesAs a feminist, it is almost to be expected that many of Angela Carter’s happy ever after endings will strike the reader with a bold feminist message. However, in The Bloody Chamber, this is not necessarily the case. Although there are several feminist messages in the stories’ resolutions, these messages are not always presented in the way one would expect, and not every female protagonist is presented as a feminist character. By taking the roles of typically Gothic women and toying with the presentation

Attachment and Marital Satisfaction

Question: Some people may be afraid to commit to an enduring relationship. It seems they do not want the deep emotional ties that may come with long-term commitment. Select two couples you know who have been together for at least 4 years. Compare their views of their partners. Do they see each other through "rose-colored glasses"? Do they see each other as supportive and positive in their interactions with each other? How do you think the differences between these couples relate to their potential for staying together? Answer: The objective of the assignment is to compare and contrast the relationship between two couples that were chosen from locality. Couple X has been married for 5 years, both partners are aged below 30 years old, having no kids, and both of them are working. Couple Y has been married since 17 years age; the male is above 50 and female 45 years old. They have three kids and have lower income status. Couple X The level of conflict is higher, and ease of interact realized to be tough (Harold, 2012). According to Sternbergs triangular theory, passionate love was the driving force for their marriage (Madey, Rodgers, 2009). Both the partners are working, and they usually get less time of interaction due to different working schedule. In addition, intimate love is less, as couple use to have sex less than 3 times a week. Attachment is found to Anxious-preoccupied, as lady partner says, he does not care my emotions. The marital satisfaction seems to be at a lower level and is likely to be deteriorating in future. The reason could be attributed to lower state of income and lesser time to interact and diminishing positive perception in their relationship (Cobb, Davila, Bradbury, 2001). Couple Y The level of conflict is moderate, but the ease of interaction is higher (Harold, 2012). The concept of passionate love was there between the couple as they had their first kid after one year of marriage. Moreover, companionate love and intimate love also exists between the couple (Madey, Rodgers, 2009). Feeling of positive perception is higher, as both partners use to share their moments, problems and concern for each other. Thus, emotional quotient and understanding level is also higher. Attachment is secure between the couples and the concern of both focus more presently on kids. Intimacy and sexual activity were not frequent presently, but still the concern for each other is higher among the couple (Cobb, Davila, Bradbury, 2001). The marital satisfaction is higher in this couple, which is attributed to better understanding and parental investment on kids. Thus, pair Y seems to be more satisfied and happier compared to couple X, which is attributed to many traits including spending time together and understanding each other. The shared concern, decision-making and security in a relationship is also higher in couple Y because of the presence of kids. References: Cobb, R. J., Davila, J., Bradbury, T. N. (2001). Attachment security and marital satisfaction: The role of positive perceptions and social support. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(9), 1131-1143. Harold, G. T., Elam, K. K., Lewis, G., Rice, F., Thapar, A. (2012). Interparental conflict, parent psychopathology, hostile parenting, and child antisocial behavior: Examining the role of maternal versus paternal influences using a novel genetically sensitive research design. Development and Psychopathology, 24(04), 1283-1295. Madey, S. F., Rodgers, L. (2009). The effect of attachment and Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love on relationship satisfaction. Individual Differences Research.

Last Supper free essay sample

The painting of the Last Supper is an important event in Jesus Christ’s life because it was his last meal in Jerusalem with his disciples before his crucifixion. According to Christians, Christ foretells that he will suffer soon after his meal and that it will be his last meal. After Christ predicted that he was having his last meal, he gives his followers a commemoration for his body and blood by taking a piece of bread and gave it them saying, â€Å"This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me† (Luke 22:19). The Last Supper consisted of his twelve disciples who were Christ’s closest followers who were men that travelled with Jesus and learned from him. The Last Supper was also an event where Christ announced that one of his twelve apostles would betray him. The twelve disciples involved were Peter, Andrew, James, John, Phillip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James, Lebbaeus, Simon, and Judas. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Supper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After Jesus’s death, the twelve disciples who were also known as apostles separated and began to spread Jesus’s teachings to others. There are various controversies about the Last Supper, that many paintings are created to show the meaning behind Christ’s last meal. There are various paintings of the Last Supper, but there are two particular portraits that particularly stand out because of the different controversy behind the painting. Paintings are based on what the artist believed in. Leonardo da Vinci was an artist who created a mural painting of the popular Last Supper. Leonardo da Vinci is famous for various paintings such as the Mona Lisa, St. John the Baptist, and the Last Supper. The Last Supper is a fresco by da Vinci that tells a story right out of the Bible. Da Vinci took the moment when Christ announces that one of his apostles will betray him and his captures the emotions and facial expressions of the apostles in the painting. Da Vinci used tempera, which is a combination of egg yolk, vinegar and oil paints applied onto dried plaster. In the painting there are thirteen men sitting behind the table, the man in the middle of the painting is Jesus Christ. Christ sits with his hands on the table with his eyes close. Da Vinci incorporated several elements and techniques into his paintings (Jenkins). Jesus’s head is the focal point in the painting by being centered perfectly both horizontally and vertically. In Leonardo da Vinci’s the Last Supper, Christ is the central point of the viewpoint in this version, the lines in the architecture to create depth is tracked to Christ. When describing the painting and artists, an analyst will define the story behind the painting. Domenico Ghirlandaio had a signature delicate and decorative style using bright light, soft colors, realistic faces and convincing figures that he used in his paintings, which he also used in his version of the Last Supper. Ghirlandaio used his skills by creating depth in the painting using the view of the background, the painting of the ceiling in the fresco and the shape of the table. It is astonishing that Jesus Christ is not positioned in the center in Ghirlandaio’s painting. Instead of Christ being the focal point, he is slightly to the left of the main focal point which is Judas who is sitting in front of the table. Christ is on slightly to the left with John’s head rested on his chest. While examining the two paintings, I picked up some differences and similarities between the two paintings. For instance, Judas who is one of the twelve apostles is always shown apart from the rest of the group in early Last Supper paintings. In Ghirlandaio’s painting, Judas is the only one who doesn’t have a holy halo and is also sitting outside of the group. In da Vinci’s painting, Judas is seated with everyone. Ghirlandaio’s painting of the Last Supper is a representation of

What Classes Should You Take in High School Expert Advice

What Classes Should You Take in High School Expert Advice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Figuring out which classes you should take in high school is complicated! Not only do you have to navigate your school’s requirements and college expectations, but you also have to take your own interests, abilities, and life into account. Because there are so many different questions you have to answer and decisions you have to make, it helps to start the planning process early. We will help you get a big picture perspective of what you are high school classes will look like, and breakdown the details of the various requirements, the kinds of choices you will have to make, and the exciting possibilities you will get to explore! If you're wondering what classes to take in high school, this guide should be a great launching point to figuring out your own personal plan. What Classes Do I Need for High School Graduation? In large part, many of your class choices will be guided by your high school's mandatory requirements. All high schools have a set curriculum that you need to take in order to graduate. The actual details vary slightly from school to school, but usually it goes something like this: four years of English (sometimes called Language Arts) three or four years of math three years of science two or three years of social studies or history The route to graduation is mostly mapped out by your high school. It's a good idea to start planning at least the broad outlines of your high school schedule earlier rather than later. This is why,in 9th or 10th grade, it makes senseread through your student handbook and then set up a meeting with your guidance counselor. Your counselor is a great resource for nailing down: your school’s exact graduation requirements any prerequisites for any courses you may want to take further down the road What Classes Do Colleges Want to See? Luckily for you, most colleges expect to seethe samecore classesfor admission that high schools do for graduation. This means that simply by fulfilling your high school's curriculum requirements, you will most likely have all your transcript ducks in a row for applying to college! As always, of course, not every college's admissions requirements are exactly the same, so definitely make sure you find out exactly what classes your target school wants you to have taken in high school by looking at its admissions info online. Search Google for "[college name] admissions requirements" to get the full scoop. Rigor The main thing that colleges are looking for in your high school course load is what they call "rigor". Basically, this is the idea that you have spent your time in high school challenging yourself by taking increasingly more and more difficult classes. Colleges want to see that you are always trying to reach just a little farther than your grasp. What does rigor mean in terms ofchoosingclasses? Knowing that colleges want to see you push yourself doesn't mean overloading yourself to the point of collapse! Instead, it means you should strive for balance: take classes that are as challenging as you can handle,but also show good judgment by not overwhelming yourself. Learning to balance means knowing not to stack on that last rock! To strategize in depth about the level of rigor that your high school course load should demonstrate, explore our guide to what a challenging high school course load looks like. What Decisions Will I Make When Choosing Classes? Even thoughmany of your class slots will be taken up by your high school's requirements and by the admissions expectations of your target colleges, the person who has the mostinfluence over your high school curriculum is... you! With that in mind, let's take a look at some of the choices you will have to make when picking your classes. Harder classes or better GPA? When you realize that you can get much better grades in lower level courses, you'll really be tempted not to take a particularly challenging course load in favor of getting straight A's. But actually, this is a mistake.If you are getting straight A’s in standard-level classes, to colleges this will look like you are coasting through rather than challenging yourself.Because colleges will always look at your GPA incontext (meaning because they know what classes your school offers), they will look at this negatively. Coasting: fun for three-person sleds, terrible for high school. Generally speaking, you should push yourself to take the highest level class that you can reasonably get a B or higher in each year. This is especially true in classes that you are interested in, that are your strengths, or that you see yourself pursuing in college. Standard, honors, or AP/IB? With the choice to challenge yourself, comes yet another question. Should you take the standard, honors, or AP version of a class? It all depends on your skill level and ability in each subject. To find out how you measure up, you can talk to a teacher to see whether in their opinion you are ready for a higher level course or, if your school offers this, you can take a placement test to see whether you qualify for honors. If you are deciding between honors and AP, AP is the better bet for improving college applications. If you do well on the AP test, this national comparison will help colleges understand your skill level, and potentially either give you college credit or at least to the ability to place into a higher level college course. If you are having trouble deciding between AP and IB, let us help you make that decision with our explanation of the differences between the two. Which foreign language should I take? As far as college is concerned, what matters is not the language but the amount of time you spend studying it. For example, four years of French is more impressive than one year each of Latin, Chinese, Sanskrit, and Spanish. One wacky jump is interesting, but five? That's commitment to challenging yourself. Our recommendation is to take four years of the same foreign language. To see which language would be the best fit for you, check out our guide to which foreign language you should take in high school. What am I interested in? After you schedule all of your required classes, you will still have lots of space on your schedule for electives. Electives are entirely up to you – this is where it’s time to listen to your heart and find your passion. Whether you use your elective spaces to pursue the performing arts, the visual arts, engineering, computer science, or anything else, the advice is the same as for the core courses: find what you love, stick with it, and pursue it at the highest level of your ability. In order to give you a sense of the possibilities, even though no school could possibly offer all of them, we have rounded up the complete list of all high school electives. What Class Selections Do I Have Choice Over? It might sound like a lot of your high school experience has already been preprogrammed. But actually, you get to decide much more than you think! Even for mandatory required classes, you still have some say over whether you take them standard, honors, for AP. Not only that, butthere is even some choice in the core curriculum. This is particularly true in science and history classes because those are not cumulative and so do not follow the standard progression. The most choice, of course, is in your electives. Here are your options, from least to greatest choice. Least Choice: The Core Subjects English It'strue that you will take this all four years, and that your high school most likely has least choice about what you study in English class and when. Still,you do get to decide how much you want to challenge yourself. Learn more about thebreakdown of all the English or Language Artsyou are likely to encounter in our guide to high school English classes. Math You may not have to take math every year. Still, because math is cumulative (meaning, what you learned one year depends on what you learned the year before), there is usually not that much choice about which math class you can take. Just like with English, you will have some say over how much to challenge yourself at each level of math.Your high school will have developed a sequence usually something like: Algebra 1 Geometry Algebra 2/Trigonometry Pre-Calculus Calculus To dig in further, read our complete explanation of the math classes you should take in high school. Science You will most likely take two or three years of science. Like with math, there is usually already a pre-developed progression for the sequence in which you can take science classes. It usually goes like this: earth science/biology chemistry physics Still, because you do not have to take science all four years, and because many schools offer various science electives, like astronomy, this is one of the core curriculum subject where you can have a whole bunch of choice, especially if science is one of your interests or strengths. Our complete guide to planning your science education in high school lays out all the details for you. It takes many different kind of scientists to make a truly evil mad science lab. Social Studies/History You will most likely take two or three years of history or other social sciences like government, civics, economics, world cultures, or geography. At the same time, it helps to know thatthe standard requirements that both high schools and colleges will expect are: a year of US/American history a year of European/world history Because you will not have to take history all four years of high school, this is another core requirement that allows a lot of choice, and one where you will probably have many options to pick from. For a really in-depth look at all the possibilities in the social sciences, read through our guide to the high school history classes you should take. Most Choice: Electives Unlike core required classes, electives are the you-do-you of the high school curriculum.They’re how your transcript shows colleges what you’re interested in, what you’re passionate about, and how hard you are willing to work to pursue those interests and passions. You only live once: pick your electives accordingly.#CarpeDiem Electivesare also a way for you to discover subjects that you previously did not know you were interested in, or a way to learn from excellent teachers who don't teach the core subjects. Pro tip: if you hear wonderful things about a teacher, try your best to take a class with that person. It doesn't matter what the class is – the experience of learning from an amazing teacher is something you will carry with you all your life. No school offers the same electives as another school, and there is no way for anyone school to offer every possible elective. Here are some typical offerings, by category: Computer science: programming, graphic design, web design English: journalism, creative writing, speech and debate Family and consumer science: nutrition, child development, culinary courses Math and Science: environmental science, zoology, astronomy, statistics Social Studies: psychology, anthropology, economics Visual and Performing Arts: drawing, painting, photography, choir, band To get some help with figuring out which electives to take, read our guide. What’s Next? Interested to see how your high school choices will impact your choice of college? Check out our guides to: How to decide what college you should go to, How to pick a major for your college application, How to get into Harvard or the other elite colleges, Or what to do if you're worried about getting into college, period. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Get eBook: 5 Tips for 160+ Points // Free eBook: 5 Tips to 4+ Points on the ACT //

The Effects of Globalization and Economic Expansion on Russia Research Paper

The Effects of Globalization and Economic Expansion on Russia - Research Paper Example As a result of this, Russia obtained international acknowledgement as the sovereign successor to the Soviet Union. Russia was honored with a permanent seat to represent the Soviet Union in the United Nations Security Council, and various positions in regional and international organizations. 7 Russia sits on both Europe and Asia. However, it is neither Asian nor European in its standpoint and culture. Russia has remained the largest country in the world, even after the division of the Soviet Union in 1991. Ziegler points out that the nation â€Å"occupies about 6.6 million square miles of territory, and is nearly twice the size of the United States. From East to West, the country stretches over 5,000 miles and occupies 11 time zones† (1). After the breakup of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Russia abandoned much of its access to the Black sea. As a result of this fragmentation, Russia was left smaller, landlocked, and geographically isolated. The former Soviet Union w as the third-largest nation in the world with a population of approximately two hundred and ninety million people. Despite the fact that Russia is physically the largest nation in the world, its population has been declining over the years. In this regard, it becomes the ninth largest nation in the world following â€Å"China, India, the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nigeria† (Ziegler 2) in terms of population. Over eighty percent of the population of Russia lives on the western side of the nation, while the rest of the population lives in Siberia and Russia’s Far East. 8 Western Russia is populated with majority of Russia’s roads, railways, and air routes. Ziegler asserts that â€Å"Siberia is extremely rich in natural resources-oil, natural gas, gold, diamonds, furs, and timber-but much of its wealth is virtually inaccessible or very costly to extract due to the country’s weak transportation system† (2). Today, Russi a is more ethnically united compared to the former Soviet Union and imperial Russia. This is because before the downfall of the Soviet Union, it had only fifty one percent ethnic Russians. However, the Russian Federation today comprises of eighty two percent ethnic Russians. Tatars are the second largest ethnic group in the Russian Federation; the group comes from Mongols descendants, who controlled the lands in Russia in the thirteenth century. Three percent of Russia’s population comprises of the Ukrainians, who are Russian’s Slavic cousins. Twelve percent of the population is made up of Jews, Germans, Belarusians, Turkic people, Caucasians, and small tribes form Siberia. The ethnic groups in Russia generally relate very well, but from time to time, outbursts of violence occur against non-Russians. 9 According to Ziegler â€Å"Russia as a whole lies much further north than the United States; in this sense it is more comparable to Canada† (2). Russia has a lot of fertile agricultural land, but its location in the north results in cold weather and very short growing seasons. As a result of this, most crops do not fare well on Russian soil. When it was part of the Soviet Union, Russia had great cropland. This was however lost when the Soviet Union was dissolved, great cropland located in Kazakhstan and Ukraine was lost. Crops grown in Russia include rye, winter wheat, potatoes and sugar

The Film American Beauty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Film American Beauty - Essay Example The philosophical idea of beauty Since the early days of Greek philosophy circa 427 B.C., the question of what is beauty has been asked. And in the earthly yet lofty discussion of the Dialogues, Plato narrates how his teacher Socrates draws them to realize that beauty is not only what is fair in physical form-- such as of a face, hands or other parts of the body --- but also what is fair or good in speech and knowledge. â€Å"Is not the good also the beautiful,† says Socrates (Jowett Translation 204). Apart from what is readily understood, Socrates speaks in more mystical terms as he teaches contemplation as a mental gaze to see â€Å" the very essence of beauty itself, everlasting not growing and decaying, or waxing or waning. . . which if beheld one would look and be with, bringing forth and nourishing true virtue† (118). The vision of Socrates on absolute beauty is not what is commonly known about the beautiful things in everyday life. Ordinarily, beauty is referred to with reference to appeal or loveliness mainly of the physical form, often enough of women. It would therefore be interesting to be clarified on what Socrates means by true, simple and divine beauty which â€Å"when beholden with the eye of the mind enables one to realize realities beyond images or physical form. The movie American Beauty may just have a comparable idea about absolute beauty. What American Beauty is In the movie American Beauty, the idea of beauty or the good is typified by the main characters. Living up to his ideal of the military service, Col. Fitts of the Marine Corps thinks military-like authority and discipline is good or beautiful for his family. He therefore subdued his own wife to full subservience and his son Ricky to outwardly regarding him as a role model and war hero. Next door neighbours are the Burnhams with Caroline Burnham bravely standing for the beauty of America’s economic rat-race which has turned her into a fierce competitor at the expense of her husband Lester, who has become less of a husband and more of a liability in her life. The teenage Angela Hayes typifies the young American beauty, obsessed with the need for attention and popularity among schoolmates. Her best friend Jane, daughter of Lester and Carol Burnham, has become the sounding board to her constant craving for adulation and her unending need to be someone special and not ordinary in school. Central to the movie, however, is not Angela, but Lester Burnham. The movie flows with his off-cam narrative and dramatic solutions to solve a middle-age crisis and discover the good and beautiful in life. Closely helping him in his search for life’s meaning is the young Ricky Fitts who introduced him to life space through drugs until Lester’s life was cut short by an assailant’s gun, that of Ri cky’s own father Col Fitts. The varied objects which appeared good or beautiful to the movie’s characters appear to compose the totality of beauty in the American way of life -- authority drawn from soldiery for Col. Fritts, drive for success at the expense of family for Carolyn, search for life space for Lester Burnham, popularity and attention for the insecure Angela, and the double life of discipline-and-drugs for the young Ricky Fitts. Who is the American Beauty It is easy to say that Angela Hayes, the object of a fleeting attraction of Lester Burnham is

Environmental Issues Associated with Paints and Varnishes Essay Example for Free

Environmental Issues Associated with Paints and Varnishes Essay The paint and coatings manufacturing industry is one of the major chemical processing industries. The major environmental impacts of paints and varnishes are concerning their content of solvents and other chemicals. There is a need to encourage manufacturers to use less of these substances, and to ensure proper environmental management throughout the manufacturing process. Procurement of paints and varnishes is classified as having a high environmental profile and some risk of developing world supply chains. Summary of Life Cycle Record Raw MaterialUse †¢Raw materials include solvents, pigments, dyes, and other chemicals. In addition, other raw materials are used to thin oil-based paints and stains or to clean up the residues left behind, such as turpentine and mineral spirits. †¢Some paints contain petroleum-based by products of the oil industry†¢The main uses of paints and varnishes are for architectural use (e.g. DIY), industrial use and automotive use. †¢VOCs may be released during use. †¢Some paints can emit noxious gases such as toluene and xylene, which are known carcinogens. ManufactureWaste Management/Disposal †¢The main components of the manufacture process are synthesis in a reactor, filtration, blending with other additives and packagingPaint related waste is often categorised as hazardous (special waste) due to its chemical content. Waste Management/Disposal options include: †¢Recycling †¢Incineration Key Impacts and Priority Mitigation Measures The key impacts in relation to paints and varnishes are: †¢Raw materials are often non-renewable and can be based on oil solvents †¢Solvent release, more specifically releases of VOCs to the atmosphere, which contribute to ground-level ozone, global warming and some have specific health effects. (There are more VOCs in gloss than emulsion) †¢Dyes and other chemicals used can also be harmful to health and the environment. †¢Wastewater and other solutions from washing of brushes and other application devices might contain these pollutants. †¢Energy is used during the processing stages. †¢Packaging materials are likely to contain traces of product / solvent residues, which can lead to direct release to the environment through evaporation. †¢Some paints can emit noxious gases such as toluene and xylene, which are known carcinogens. In 1989 the World Health Organisation’s International Agency for Research on Cancer found that professional painters and decorators face a 40% increased chance of contracting cancer. †¢Paint waste at end of life is classed as a hazardous (special) waste. Control Measures – Raw Materials and Manufacture: †¢Implement a structured and independently verified Environmental Management System (EMS) such as ISO 14001 or EMAS. This will help the company use resources efficiently and prevent or minimise pollution. †¢Ensure systems are in place to control loss and wastage of toxic ingredients, in particular solvent management plans. †¢Avoidance of the use of heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, hexavalent chromium, mercury and arsenic; and other substances where possible. †¢Where possible replace toxic and persistent ingredients such as oil, solvents, chemicals and other hazardous substances with less toxic and more degradable ones. Particularly focus on lower solvent alternatives where possible. Control Measures – Procurement Action: †¢Ensure suppliers selected have a high awareness of the potential environmental impacts and are taking the appropriate mitigation measures. †¢Encourage suppliers to develop environmentally â€Å"safer† products and in particular minimise the use of solvents and other chemicals and minimise waste during processing. †¢Avoid oil or solvent based paints where feasible. †¢Be aware that some water thinnable paints contain more chemicals than the oil-based paints they are intended to replace. †¢Select suppliers that can provide more information regarding the specific raw materials they use, and also provide guidance on environmentally safe use and disposal (including packaging). †¢To avoid wasteful use of paints and varnishes ensure the purchase of only the amount required for the job. †¢Where feasible, select a supplier that will allow the return of toxic material packaging for reuse. Control Measures –Use and Waste Management/Disposal: †¢Ensure employees are trained in actions to be taken in relation to waste minimisation, waste management and health and safety †¢Ensure proper labelling and storage of toxic and hazardous materials in secure, bunded areas. †¢Ensure user is trained in instructions for use including wearing of protective equipment such as facemasks, storage conditions (e.g. placing lids on containers when not in use) and cleaning of tools. †¢Ensure adequate ventilation during application. Disclaimer: This document is based on publicly available information and provides details of the environmental impacts associated with paints and varnishes. It contains a description of most commonly used raw materials and the environmental impacts and by-products released. It should be noted that there might be some other commodity types and manufacturing processes not covered within this document.

The Republic: Protagoras, Gorgias, and Meno :: Philosophy Morals Neo Aristotelianism Papers

The Republic: Protagoras, Gorgias, and Meno One vigorous line of thought in contemporary moral philosophy, which I shall call ‘Neo-Aristotelianism,’ centers on three things: (1) a rejection of traditional enlightenment moral theories like Kantianism and utilitarianism; (2) a claim that another look at the ethical concerns and projects of ancient Greek thought might help us past the impasse into which enlightenment moral theories have left us; (3) more particularly, an attempt to reinterpret Aristotle’s ethical work for the late twentieth-century so as to transcend this impasse. The "Neo-Aristotelian" Rejection of Plato Neo-Aristotelians like Martha Nussbaum(1) and Alasdair MacIntyre,(2) in spite of their many differences,(3) are therefore united not only in their positive turn to Aristotle but also in their rejection of Plato and Plato’s Socrates.(4) And yet some features of these rejections invite further reflection. Nussbaum, for example, consistently recognizes that the Socratic-Platonic project requires us to remake ourselves: "In short, I claim that [in the Protagoras] Socrates offers us, in the guise of empirical description, a radical proposal for the transformation of our lives." (FG 117, LK 112) But to what extent has she done justice to the particular kind of remaking Plato has Socrates offer us? More pointedly, does she acknowledge the extent to which Socrates aims at focussing his interlocutors on a process of questioning, rather than simply handing doctrine over to them?(5) Or has her Socrates been flattened out, his dialogical style rendered monological, so as to support her ov erall thesis more easily?(6) As for MacIntyre, does he see clearly enough the parallel between his own work and Plato’s when he says that in his earlier dialogues "Plato is pointing to a general state of incoherence in the use of evaluative language in Athenian culture" (AV 131)? Mutatis mutandis, isn’t this precisely what the opening chapters of After Virtue attempt to show? And to what extent must MacIntyre’s "quest for the good" in his crucial chapter "The Virtues, the Unity of a Human Life and the Concept of a Tradition" be committed to a Platonic, rather than Aristotelian, notion of the good? When he says "now it is important to emphasize that it is the systematic asking of these two questions ["What is the good for me?" and "What is the good for man?"] and the attempt to answer them in deed as well as in word which provide the moral life with its unity" (AV 219, emphasis added), isn’t it Plato’s Socrates who serves as the ultimate source of i nspiration here?

Differences in Competencies between ADN vs. BSN Essay

According to the society of Human Resources Management, competency means the knowledge and skills required to perform a job, which all contributes a positive outcome. Even though the competency among ADN and BSN are almost similar, there are slight variations based on the departments where the nurse work, such as management level of care and neonatal department. Good start of an introduction. Consider a topic sentence here that states: this paper will describe†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. An Associate Degree Nurse is one who completed the 2 year program or 3 year diploma this is not true, these 2 are different course by a school of nursing, community, or junior college. They demonstrate competencies in various aspect of patient care. ADNs are competent to perform assessment by collection of patient’s health history, including past medical and surgical history. They perform the physical assessment by gathering information, such as height and weight, vital signs, and head to foot assessment, including all body system. They are also competent to perform cognitive, psychosocial, spiritual, and functional level assessment. After assessing the patient, they find out the nursing diagnosis using their knowledge, skills, and experience. The ADN analyzes the patient’s condition using their age, cultural diversity, and risk factor. He/she then formulates and plans the care by prioritizing the patient’s need based on Maslow’s hierarchy needs, in which patient’s safety is the first importance. They formulate the plan of care by critical thinking, reflection, and problem solving skills. Before they implement the treatment regimen, they let the patient make health care choices by providing accurate and reliable information. The ADN are competent to delegate the patient care to other authorized health care personnel by giving relevant instructions and supervisions. They implement the treatment within his/her accepted professional nursing practice in a different clinical setting. They also make sure to give teaching about the treatment, which includes the effects and side effects of drugs and expected outcome. These all help the patient to alleviate their anxiety about the health status. Finally, they evaluate the outcome and effectiveness by reassessing and continuous monitoring. Moreover, ADNs provide physical competencies like gross and motor skills, strength, and mobility by moving and positioning the patient by using proper body mechanism. Their sensory perception provides a safe environment. They are competent in life saving practices, such as cardiac monitoring and airway management. They provide patient care by giving I.V, oral medications, blood transfusions and wound care. They demonstrate care and respectful behavior towards the patient, family, and other co-workers. Need to reference data within the text Bachelor of Science Degree in Nursing is a 4 year bachelor program accredited by a college or university. A BSN has the same medicalbedside nursing skills of an ADN. He/she provides the same patient care by assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. They also have physical competencies and sensory perception. Apart from that, they do their clinical judgment by using their critical and analytic thinking, which they earned through researches and evidence based practices. They have sufficient emotional stability to be responsible and accountable during a highly stressful event. They know how to deal with unexpected and changing environment. They show interpersonal skills and communication skills by interacting positively with patient, family, and large communities both in verbal and written form. Their logical and analytic thinking in patient management will help them to acquire higher education. Moreover, they creatively respond to continuously changing health system. Good review of BSN competencies. Again, need to reference within the text. An ADN acquired knowledge and skills from years of experience in clinical practice. They work with patients in a relatively short time. However, a BSN has knowledge and skills based on their researches, evidence based practice, leadership, and management. Their skills help them to provide a better patient care in a short time period. For an ADN, the nursing is a job and have little commitment to the work. Without considering the long term results, they move from one job to another. However, BSN is a career, which is a life time dedication that requires development and on-going learning. They can function at high intellectual levels and carry a strong professional identity and follow code of ethics. They are more accountable, independent, and responsible. Nursing care and approaches to decision-making are different based upon the educational preparations. For example, we had a 50 year old patient in our floor that came with left hip fracture. The patient underwent an open reduction and internal fixation of left hip. After 4 hours of post anesthesia care, the patient came to the floor. The ADN, who is the primary care nurse, assesses the patient and carried out all post-op orders. The patient was drowsy and was on morphine PCA. After 2 hours, the patient suddenly woke-up with pain in the left hip. The ADN gave more pain medicine and monitored the respiratory status. All of a sudden patient complained of shortness of breath. The nurse found the patient’s oxygen saturation dropped to 82 percent. She stopped the PCA pump and put the patient on 2 liters of oxygen yet the patient was complaining about severe pain in her hip. Apparently, the patient continued to complained of chest pain and her oxygen level continued the same. The RN called the charge nurse, who is a BSN. She assessed the patient and went through the patient history. Suddenly, she called the rapid response team; meanwhile, she ordered a stat chest x-ray by thinking that patient had a pulmonary embolism and transferred the patient to ICU. Later, we came to know the patient had pulmonary embolism. In this situation, the RN gave the basic treatments according to the knowledge from her experience. On the other hand, the BSN treated the patient from her critical thinking and high level of knowledge, which saved the patient’s life. Good patient care scenario The ADN can handle the critical patient situation very minimally by using her basic knowledge, skills, and experience with the help of other person. However, the BSN can handle the same situation independently with his/her critical thinking. Different level nurses have different roles in a hospital, even though they have same preliminary education about providing forthe patient care. The job expectations, patient interactions and contact are different in perspective of the RN’s and BSN’s duty. Good conclusion . . References Catalano, J.T. (2003).Nursing now: Today’s issues, tomorrow’s trends. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. Need to put title into italics Competencies and Performance Standards Essential for Nursing Practice.( 2011) St Louis University. Retrieved from http://www.slu.edu/x19905.xml Hollis, Forster, RN (2011) ADN vs. BSN Retrieved from need to include date of retrieval http://nursinglink.monster.com/education/articles/3842-adn-vs-bsn

Does a Mother owe a Duty of Care to her unborn child - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2605 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Childhood Essay Duty Essay Did you like this example? ASSIGNMENT 1: TOPIC 2 OVERVIEW Traditionally, legal protection was rarely granted to unborn child and in the event they were granted such protection, it was strictly dependent on their live birth.[1] Since then, the law governing a motherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s liability for prenatal injury has evolved and varies drastically across many jurisdictions. For example, in Canada, the courts generally take into account several policy factors to grant them immunity from liability. It is to be expected that a large majority of society would accept the proposition that a mother is required to care for and protect her child for many reasons such as emotional and moral reasons. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Does a Mother owe a Duty of Care to her unborn child?" essay for you Create order However, it is unclear whether such a percentage would agree with the fact that a mother would be liable for causing prenatal injuries to her unborn child. Perhaps the most important issue of granting mothers full immunity is that the child would not be compensated for their prenatal injuries from their mother and also from third parties like insurers. This article will examine the current law across various jurisdictions like Canada and the United Kingdom (particularly the various policy considerations adopted) in order to ascertain the most suitable approach to be implemented in Australia, since the question whether a mother owes a duty of care towards her unborn child is still unsettled in this jurisdiction. This article will also consider arguments for and against imposing a duty of care. Lastly, it concludes with a suggestion that a mother should not be liable for causing prenatal injury to her unborn child other than in motor vehicle accidents[2] and why this will be the mos t appropriate approach. INTRODUCTION Essentially, a duty of care is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"an obligation imposed on a person to take reasonable care to ensure that they do not cause another person to suffer harmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢.[3] The relationship between a parent and a child is one such circumstance that draws such a duty of care to be imposed in some jurisdictions. It has been accepted by many that the duty of care outlined above will only accrue when a child is born and possesses legal rights.[4] Having said that, some commentators are of the view that since a fetus is completely dependent upon his mother for nourishment and life, a pregnant woman should owe a similar duty of care to her unborn child.[5] It is without a doubt that the right of an unborn child to sue its mother will bring about several ethical and moral issues that will put a strain on family ties. In Australia, when a child is born it is automatically entitled to sue for breach of rights.[6] The courts have extended this view to include situations wh ere the unborn child sustains injuries prior to being born.[7] It is well established that the courts have held third parties like negligent road users[8] and doctors[9], liable for injuries inflicted onto an unborn child. Although the child possessed no legal rights when the damage was inflicted, it materializes when it is born and hence, reflects the laws of negligence which states that a cause of action does not accrue until damage or harm is suffered. Conversely, the courts are reluctant to apply such standards of care when it concerns prenatal injuries inflicted upon an unborn child by its mother resulting in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"maternal immunityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ for such injuries. Currently in Australia, a mother owes no such duty of care towards her child except in the event of road accidents.[10] It should be noted at this stage that whilst Australia has not applied such a duty of care in such circumstances, the courts have neither rejected it completely[11], unlike the appro aches adopted in Canada and United Kingdom. CURRENT LAW CANADA In Canada, policy factors have to be taken into account before reaching a decision as to whether a mother owes a duty of care to her unborn child. This issue was dealt with in the landmark cases of Winnipeg Child and Family Services (Northwest Area) v G (DF) [1997] 3 SCR 925 (Winnipeg Child and Family Services) and Dobson (Litigation Guardian of) v. Dobson [1999] 2 S.C.R. 753 (Dobson), where the Supreme Court of Canada had first tackled this issue. Dobson involved a claim against a pregnant mother for causing injuries to her unborn child due to her negligent driving. Her fetus was apparently damaged in this and had to be delivered prematurely via caesarean section on the day of the accident. As a result, the child was born with cerebral palsy. A tort claim was brought by the maternal grandfather on behalf of the child in order to claim from his fatherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s insurance policy so as to cover the damages caused by negligent driving. The majority in this case found that a pregnant woman should not be held liable in the situation as a claim for negligent driving should be treated no differently to any other negligent acts of the mother.[12] McLachlin JJ goes on to add that imposing such a liability would restrict a womanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rights. Specifically à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"they would lose their liberty and not be treated equally with other women in societyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢[13]. The majority then went on to cite the test laid out in Kamloops[14]. Following Kamloops, the Court said a duty of care is recognized if the involved parties are closely related and if the issue raises questions about public policy. One might argue that although a fetus and its mothers are usually seen as one person, the Court in this case addressed the issue as if they were two separate people. It is also vital to note that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonable pregnant womanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ standard of care is an objective test. The majority in this case deemed it to take into account in this case[15] as it will raise many issues regarding a pregnant womanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s personal lifestyle choices which will have a negative impact on her privacy and way of life. Eventually, the majority came to a conclusion that public policy factors associated with imposing a duty of care on mothers towards their unborn child à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"are of such a nature and magnitude that they clearly indicate that a legal duty of care cannot and should not be imposed by Courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢.[16] Hence, the Court held that the public policy considerations were paramount and outweighed any sufficiently close relationship between the parties that gave rise to the duty of care and that the mother did not owe a duty of care her unborn child even in circumstances where it involved motor vehicle accidents. It should be noted that Australian courts reach a different decisions as times due to the fact that emphasis is not placed on applying the public policy considerations in such cases. Also, when it concerns motor vehicle accidents in Australia, the mother is held liable for prenatal injuries caused to her unborn child if she was negligent without weighing the public policy considerations. In Winnipeg, the Supreme Court of Canada held that a pregnant woman who was addicted to glue sniffing could not be taken away against her will in trying to protect the interest of her unborn child. The Court concluded that they had no jurisdiction to interfere in such matters and that it was beyond the scope of the Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s power to detain a pregnant woman against her will. As such, the Court stated that, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"To extend the law of tort to permit an order for the detention and treatment of a pregnant woman for the purpose of preventing harm to the unborn child would require major changes to the existing law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ these are the sort of changes which should be left to the legislatureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢.[17] UNITED KINGDOM The current law in the United Kingdom surrounding this issue is very similar to that adopted in Australia.[18] The Congenital Disabilities (Civil Liability) Act 1976 (UK) grants mothers a legal immunity from liability for causing prenatal injuries to her unborn child. However, the court cited that a legal duty should be imposed where it is the result of a motor vehicle accident.[19] Section 2 of the Congenital Disabilities Act states: A woman driving a motor vehicle when she knows (or ought reasonably to know) herself to be pregnant is to be regarded as being under the same duty to take care for the safety of her unborn child as the law imposes on her with respect to the safety of other people; and if in consequence of her breach of that duty her child is born with disabilities which would not otherwise have been present, those disabilities are to be regarded as damage resulting from her wrongful act and actionable accordingly at the suit of the child. In enacting this leg islation, the United Kingdom Law Commission also took into consideration public policy factors that was applied in other jurisdictions.[20] AUSTRALIA As discussed above, only a third party, who is not the mother of the unborn child, can be found to have owed a duty of care to the child.[21] In Lynch v Lynch (by her tutor Lynch) (1991) 25 NSWLR 411 (Lynch v Lynch), a mother was found guilty of negligent driving, causing an accident which resulted in cerebral palsy in her unborn child. Public policy factors were not applied in this case as Clarke JA held that the question before the court was à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"very narrow and related specifically to road accidents.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢[22] The court also took into account whether there was a presence of a compulsory motor vehicle insurance in concluding whether the mother owed a duty of care to her unborn child.[23] The majority decision in Lynch v Lynch was affirmed and cited in Bowditch v McEwan [2002] QCA 172 (Bowditch v McEwan). It has been long established that a duty of care is owed to pedestrians and other road users.[24] However, Watt v Rama extended this duty of care to inco rporate fetuses injured in road accidents. In this case, a mother who was pregnant caused injuries to her unborn child as a result of her negligent driving. The child subsequently suffered from epilepsy and brain damage. The mother denied that she owed her unborn child a duty of care whilst it was still in her womb. However, the Victorian Supreme court held that since the child was born handicapped as a result of the injuries sustained while it was still in its motherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s womb, attracts a duty of care. As a result, it was immaterial whether the child was born or not when the injury was sustained, so as long as the victim fell into a category of people that would be affected by a negligent act caused by someone else. Although the Australian courts are required to specifically apply public policy considerations in ascertaining whether a duty of care exists, it is not as rigid and explicit as the approach adopted in Canadian courts. ARGUMENTS FOR IMPOSING A DUTY OF CARE There are many factors that needs consideration when a jurisdiction imposes a duty of care that will attract an ethical and legal difficulties. The pivotal argument put forth in cases in imposing a duty of care is that a fetus is solely dependent upon its mother for nutrition in order for it to develop healthily.[25] Hence, it is reasonable foreseeable that any negligent acts would have a undesirable impact on the unborn child. Unquestionably, the proximity test would satisfy the neighborhood principle established in Donoghue v Stevenson.[26] In addition, by imposing a duty of care, a mother will most likely act in the best interests of her unborn child. For example, a pregnant woman might refuse to attend medical checkups or follow medical advice that would benefit the unborn child. Also, she might refrain from harmful activities like smoking and drinking that will negatively impact upon an unborn child. ARGUMENTS AGAINST IMPOSING A DUTY OF CARE. Some factors would prevent such a duty from being imposed due to the repercussions it might have on the society as well as in their personal lives. This mainly revolves around preserving the autonomy and privacy of a pregnant woman.[27] As discussed in this article, Cory J in Dobson v Dobson, made it clear that a pregnant womanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rights must be upheld as first and foremost, she is a human being and should be afforded the same rights as others. The courts are also reluctant on imposing a general duty of care as this would encourage children to sue their parents in negligence. If this trend continues, it could have adverse effects on the relationship between the mother and the child as well as the rest of its family.[28] However, this reason on its own is not sufficient to complete eradicate the duty of care owed to an unborn child. SUGGESTED APPROACH FOR AUSTRALIA? On one hand, it is very important for a mother to consider how her actions might have an impact on her unborn child, however, it is not in the hands of the judiciary to dictate how she should live her personal life as that would interfere with her right to privacy. While Australian courts have not imposed a general duty of care in such cases, it has not been rejected as well. 1 [1] Lenow, The Fetus as Patient: Emerging Rights as a Person?, 9 AM. J. L. MED. 1, 3 (1983). [2] Watt v Rama [1972] VR 353. [3] LexisNexis, Encyclopaedic Australian Legal Dictionary, LexisNexis https://www.lexisnexis.com.au. [4] X and Y (by her Tutor X) v Pal (1991) 23 NSWLR 26, 30 (Mahoney JA). [5] Beal, Can I Sue Mommy? An Analysis of a Womans Tort Liability for Prenatal Injuries to Her Child Born Alive, 21 San Diego L. Rev. 325, 326 (1984). [6] X and Y (by her Tutor X) v Pal (1991) 23 NSWLR 26, 30 (Mahoney JA). [7] X and Y (by her Tutor X) v Pal (1991) 23 NSWLR 26, 41 (Clarke JA) stated that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"In principle it should be accepted that a person may be subjected to a duty of care to a child who was neither born nor conceived at the time of his careless acts or omissions such that he may be found liable in damages to that child.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ [8] Watt v Rama [1972] VR 353; Road Accident Fund v Mtati (332/2004) [2005] ZASCA 65; [2005] 3 All SA 340 [9] Yvonne Joyce McLennan v McCallum [2007] WADC 67. [10] Lynch v Lynch (1991) 25 NSWLR 411 affirmed in Bowditch v McEwan [2002] QCA 172. [11] Kate Wellington, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Maternal Liability for Prenatal Injury: The Preferable Approach for Australian Law?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (2010) 18 Tort Law Review 89, 90. [12] Dobson (Litigation Guardian of) v. Dobson, [1999] 2 S.C.R. 753 (Lamer CJ, LHeureux-DubÃÆ' ©, Gonthier, Cory, McLachlin, Iacobucci, Binnie JJ; Major, and Bastarache JJ dissenting). [13] Dobson (Litigation Guardian of) v Dobson [1999] 2 SCR 753, [19] (Cory J). [14] City of Kamloops v. Nielsen (1984) 2 SCR 2. [15] Do, Christina and Mapulanga-Hulston, Jackie. The ethical and legal conundrum: Should a mother owe a duty of care to her unborn child? [online]. Journal of Applied Law and Policy, 2013: 5. [16] Dobson (Litigation Guardian of) v Dobson [1999] 2 SCR 753, [76] (Cory J). [17] Winnipeg Child and Family Services (Northwest Area) v G (DF) [1997] 3 SCR 925. [18] Do, Christina and Mapulanga-Hulston, Jackie. The ethical and legal conundrum: Should a mother owe a duty of care to her unborn child? [online]. Journal of Applied Law and Policy, 2013: 9. [19] Congenital Disabilities (Civil Liability) Act 1976 (UK), s 2. [20] United Kingdom, Law Commission, Injuries to Unborn Children, Report No 60 (1974) Cmnd 5709, pp 53-64. [21] Watt v Rama [1972] VR 353 affirmed in X and Y (by her Tutor X) v Pal (1991) 23 NSWLR 26. [22] Lynch v Lynch(by her tutor Lynch)(1991) 25 NSLR 411, 415 (Clarke JA). [23] Do, Christina and Mapulanga-Hulston, Jackie. The ethical and legal conundrum: Should a mother owe a duty of care to her unborn child? [online]. Journal of Applied Law and Policy, 2013: 8. [24] Manley v Alexander [2005] HCA 79. [25] Do, Christina and Mapulanga-Hulston, Jackie. The ethical and legal conundrum: Should a mother owe a duty of care to her unborn child? [online]. Journal of Applied Law and Polic y, 2013: 3. [26] Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562. [27] Bowditch (by his next friend Bowditch) v McEwan [2001] QSC 448, [10]. [28] Dobson (Litigation Guardian of) v Dobson [1999] 2 SCR 753, [46] (Cory J).